Person

Universitetslektor
- Högskolepedagogisk utveckling, AHU
- Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap
Studierektor
- Utbildningsvetenskap
- Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap
Kontaktinformation
E-post katarina.martenssonahu.luse
Telefon 046–222 43 41
Besöksadress
Sölvegatan 16, MNO-huset, Lund
Postadress
Box 117, 221 00 Lund
Internpost hämtställe 11
I am senior lecturer and work as an academic developer at Lund University since 2000. I am a senior lecturer at the Division for Higher Education Development (AHU) within the Department of Educational Sciences. My PhD-thesis from 2014 is entitled "Influencing teaching and learning microcultures – academic development in a research-intensive university", studying conditions for academic development at the organizational meso-level. In my daily job I support teachers and leaders to develop teaching and learning, and educational programmes, primarily at LU but also elsewhere. I also have some international commitments, among others I am co-editor of Teaching & Learning Inquiry, the journal of the International Society for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, ISSOTL, where I was co-president for 3 years.
Forskning
Min profil i Lunds universitets forskningsportal
- Att stärka de pedagogiska sakkunnigutlåtandena vid Lunds universitet – kvalitativa skillnader i vad som bedöms
- Collegiality in higher education – a lived experience
- Faculty Change Towards High-Impact Pedagogies
- Higher education organisations as dynamic equilibria – how actants’ influence educational reform in real life
- Learning together in a global pandemic: Practices & principles for teaching & assessing online in uncertain times
Böcker (1 st)
Redaktörskap (6 st)
- Markussen, H. I. & Mårtensson, K. (2021). (Red.) Levande lärmiljöer : Proceedings från Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteternas pedagogiska inspirationskonferens 2018. Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteterna, Lunds universitet.
- Santesson, S. & Mårtensson, K. (2021). (Red.) Hållbart lärarskap: universitetsundervisning i förändring : Proceedings från Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteternas pedagogiska inspirationskonferens 2020. Lunds universitet, Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteterna.
- Maurits, A. & Mårtensson, K. (2018). (Red.) Pedagogiska dilemman : Proceedings från Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteternas pedagogiska inspirationskonferens 2016.
- Maurits, A. & Mårtensson, K. (2016). (Red.) Högskolepedagogik i humanistisk och teologisk utbildning : Proceedings från Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteternas pedagogiska inspirationskoferens 2014. Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteterna, Lunds universitet.
- Maurits, A. & Mårtensson, K. (2014). (Red.) Högskolepedagogisk reflektion och praktik : proceedings från humanistiska och teologiska fakulteternas pedagogiska inspirationskonferens 2012. Lunds universitet, Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteterna.
- Mårtensson, K. (2009). (Red.) Strategisk pedagogisk utveckling : Proceedings. Lund University (Media-Tryck).
Artiklar (32 st)
- Simper, N., Berry, A., Mårtensson, K. & Maynard, N. (submitted). Evaluation of an assessment change project, engaging academics and the role of SoTL. The Canadian Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning.
- Bunnell, S. L., Chaudhury, S. R., Hoon, C. H., Chick, N., Poole, G., Mårtensson, K., Schrum, K. & Eady, M. J. (2022). Science of Teaching Is Not Being Ignored. The Chronicle of Higher Education.
- Mårtensson, K. & Schrum, K. (2022). Becoming Teaching & Learning Inquiry. Teaching and Learning Inquiry, 10. Indiana University Press.
- Simper, N., Mårtensson, K., Berry, A. & Maynard, N. (2022). Assessment cultures in higher education : reducing barriers and enabling change. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 47, 1016-1029. Taylor & Francis.
- Simper, N., Maynard, N. & Mårtensson, K. (2022). Informal academic networks and the value of significant social interactions in supporting quality assessment practices. Higher Education Research and Development, 41, 1277-1293. Taylor & Francis.
- Dorner, H. & Mårtensson, K. (2021). Catalysing pedagogical change in the university ecosystem : Exploring ‘big ideas’ that drive faculty development. Hungarian Educational Research Journal, 11, 225-229.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2021). Academic developers developing : aspects of an expanding lifeworld. International Journal for Academic Development, 26, 405-417. Taylor & Francis.
- Mårtensson, K. & Schrum, K. (2021). Editors' introduction : Exciting changes ahead!. Teaching and Learning Inquiry, 9. Indiana University Press.
- Mårtensson, K. & Schrum, K. (2021). Milestone in the life of a journal. Teaching and Learning Inquiry, 9, 1-2. Indiana University Press.
- Chick, N. L. & Mårtensson, K. (2020). What does it mean to be an ‘international’ journal? : What is submitted to TLI is what shapes TLI. Teaching and Learning Inquiry, 8, 1-3. Indiana University Press.
- Chng, H. H., Leibowitz, B. & Mårtensson, K. (2020). Leading change from different shores : The challenges of contextualizing the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. Teaching and Learning Inquiry, 8, 24-41. Indiana University Press.
- Larsson, M., Mårtensson, K., Price, L. & Roxå, T. (2020). Constructive friction? : Charting the relation between educational research and the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. Teaching and Learning Inquiry, 8, 61-75. Indiana University Press.
- Mårtensson, K. & Chick, N. L. (2020). Staying normal under abnormal circumstances : Publishing during a global pandemic. Teaching and Learning Inquiry, 8, 1-2. Indiana University Press.
- Mårtensson, K. & Chick, N. (2019). TLI's trajectory of tradition and change. Teaching and Learning Inquiry, 7, 1-2. Indiana University Press.
- Marquis, E., Mårtensson, K. & Healey, M. (2017). Leadership in an international collaborative writing groups (ICWG) initiative : implications for academic development. International Journal for Academic Development, 22, 211-222. Taylor & Francis.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2017). Agency and structure in academic development practices : are we liberating academic teachers or are we part of a machinery supressing them?. International Journal for Academic Development, 22, 95-105. Taylor & Francis.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2016). Leadership at a local level : enhancing educational development. Educational Management, Administration & Leadership, 44, 247-262. SAGE Publications.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2016). Peer engagement for teaching and learning: competence, autonomy and social solidarity in academic microcultures. Uniped, 39, 131-143. Universitetsforlaget.
- Mårtensson, K. (2015). Academic development – old habits or disruptive practice?. International Journal for Academic Development, 20, 303-305. Taylor & Francis.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2015). Academic development in a world of informal learning about teaching and student learning. International Journal for Academic Development, 20, 109-112. Taylor & Francis.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2015). Microcultures and informal learning : a heuristic guiding analysis of conditions for informal learning in local higher education workplaces. International Journal for Academic Development, 20, 193-205. Taylor & Francis.
- Bovill, C. & Mårtensson, K. (2014). The challenge of sustaining academic development work. International Journal for Academic Development, 19, 263-267. Taylor & Francis.
- Handal, G., Lycke, K., Mårtensson, K., Skodvin, A., Solbrekke, T. & Roxå, T. (2014). The role of academic developers in transforming Bologna regulations to a national and institutional context. International Journal for Academic Development, 19, 12-25. Taylor & Francis.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2014). Promoting learning and professional development through communities of practice. Perspectives on Pedagogy and Practice, 5. University of Ulster.
- Mårtensson, K., Roxå, T. & Stensaker, B. (2014). From Quality Assurance to Quality Practices: an investigation of strong microcultures in teaching and learning. Studies in Higher Education, 39, 534-545. Taylor & Francis.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2014). Higher Education Commons : a framework for comparison of midlevel units in higher education organisations. European Journal of Higher Education, 4, 303-316. Taylor & Francis.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2013). How leaders can influence higher education cultures. Perspectives on Pedagogy and Practice, 4. University of Ulster.
- Mårtensson, K., Roxå, T. & Olsson, T. (2011). Developing a Quality Culture through the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. Higher Education Research and Development, 30, 51-62. Taylor & Francis.
- Roxå, T., Mårtensson, K. & Alveteg, M. (2011). Understanding and influencing teaching and learning cultures at university - A network approach. Higher Education, 62, 99-111. Springer.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2009). Significant conversations and significant networks – exploring the backstage of the teaching arena. Studies in Higher Education, 34, 547-559. Taylor & Francis.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2008). Strategic Educational Development –a national Swedish initiative to support change in Higher Education. Higher Education Research and Development, 27. Taylor & Francis.
- Roxå, T., Olsson, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2008). Appropriate Use of Theory in the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning as a Strategy for Institutional Development. Arts and Humanities in Higher Education, 7. SAGE Publications.
Bokkapitel (15 st)
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (submitted). Promoting Professional Development Through Communities of Practice – an Example of Educational Development in Sweden. I Cox, M. (Red.) Faculty and Professional Learning Communities: Effectively Engaging Communities of Practice in Higher Education.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (accepted/in press). Improving university teaching through student feedback – A critical investigation. I Nair, C. S. & Mertova, P. (Red.) Student Feedback: The Cornerstone to an Effective Quality Assurance System in Higher Education. Woodhead Publishing Limited.
- Mårtensson, K. (2021). Kollegialitet som utvecklande kraft i högre utbildning. I Wittek, L. & de Lange, T. (Red.) Kollegaveiledning i høyere utdanning (pp. 211-219). Universitetsforlaget.
- Mårtensson, K. (2020). Expertise : How do we develop a career long engagement with teaching?. I Ashwin, P., Boud, D., Calkins, S., Coate, K., Hallett, F., Light, G., Luckett, K., McArthur, J., MacLaren, I., McLean, M., McCune, V. & Tooher, M. (Red.) Reflective teaching series, Reflective Teaching in Higher Education (pp. 357-378). Bloomsbury Academic.
- Mårtensson, K. (2018). Stepping stones in a learning journey as university teacher. I Pleschová, G. & Simon, A. (Red.) Early career academic's reflections on learning to teach in Central Europe (pp. 50-51). SEDA.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2018). Development of academic developers – supporting a scholarly community. I Scholkmann, A., Brendel, S., Brinker, T. & Kordts-Freudinger, R. (Red.) Blickpunkt Hochschuldidaktik, Zwischen Qualifizierung und Weiterbildung : Reflexionen zur gekonnten Beruflichkeit in der Hochschuldidaktik (pp. 249-270), Thema 134. wbv publication.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2018). The impact of governance on teaching excellence in academic microcultures. I Broughan, C., Steventon, G. & Clouder, L. (Red.) Global Perspectives on Teaching Excellence: A new era for higher education. Routledge.
- Grunefeld, H., Prins, F., van Tartwijk, J., van der Vaart, R., Loads, D., Turner, J., Mårtensson, K., Nilsen Gibbons, A. M., Harboe, T., Poder, K. & Wubbels, T. (2017). Faculty Development for Educational Leadership. I Stensaker, B., Bilbow, G. T., Breslow, L. & van der Vaart, R. (Red.) Strengthening teaching and learning in research universities : Strategies and Initiatives for Institutional Change (pp. 73-101). Palgrave Macmillan.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2016). Working with networks, microcultures and communities. I Baume, D. & Popovic, C. (Red.) Advancing Practice in Academic Development. Taylor & Francis.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2016). Developing higher education organisations and evaluating effects. I Egger, R. & Merkt, M. (Red.) Teaching Skills Assessment : Qualitätsmanagement und Personalentwicklung in der Hochschullehre (pp. 91-115). Springer.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2014). Starka mikrokulturer – ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på högre utbildning. I Persson, A. & Johansson, R. (Red.) Vetenskapliga perspektiv på lärande, undervisning och utbildning i olika institutionella sammanhang : Utbildningsvetenskaplig forskning vid Lunds universitet (pp. 381-390). Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap, Lunds universitet.
- Olsson, T., Mårtensson, K., Roxå, T. & Ahlberg, A. (2012). Pedagogical competence and teaching skills – a development perspective from Lund University, Sweden. I Szczyrba, B. & Gotzen, S. (Red.) Das Lehrportfolio – Entwicklung, Documentation und Nachweis von Lehrkompetenz an Hochschulen (pp. 245-261). LIT Verlag.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2012). How Effects from Teacher-training of Academic Teachers Propagate into the Meso Level and Beyond. I Simon, E. & Pleschova, G. (Red.) Teacher Development in Higher Education. Existing Programs, Program Impact, and Future Trends (pp. 213-233). Routledge.
- Olsson, T., Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2010). Pedagogical Competence – A development perspective from Lund University. I Ryegård, Å., Olsson, T. & Apelgren, K. (Red.) A Swedish Perspective on Pedagogical Competence (pp. 121-132). Division for Development of Teaching and Learning, Uppsala University.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2009). Teaching and Learning Regimes from within – Significant Networks as a Locus for the Social Construction of Teaching and Learning. I Kreber, C. (Red.) The University and its Disciplines: Teaching and learning within and beyond disciplinary boundaries. Routledge.
Förord (1 st)
Konferensbidrag (48 st)
- Bergqvist Rydén, J., Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (accepted/in press). En policys färd : Undersökandet av implementeringen av en utbildningspolicy inom högre utbildning.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2018). Collegiality as a foundation for a learning culture?.
- Mårtensson, K., Larsson, M., Ahlberg, A. & Holst, O. (2018). How is teaching, supervision and SoTL evaluated in reviews of professors’ educational qualifications?.
- Moore, J., Mårtensson, K., Roxå, T., Little, D., Felten, P., Sutherland, K., Green, D. & Marquis, B. (2018). What Encourages Academic Staff to Engage in Systematic, Sustained Change in Teaching Practices?.
- Bergqvist Rydén, J., Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2017). Can SoTL Reach New Hights through Policy Implementation? : Hiking in the Under-Explored Territory at the Organisational Meso-Level.
- Bergqvist Rydén, J., Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2017). Do policys transform patterns? : Effects of the implementation of written assessment criteria at an entire faculty. Transforming patterns through the scholarship of teaching and learning : The 2nd European conference for the scholarship of teaching and learning, 39-43.
- Larsson, M., Mårtensson, K., Price, L. & Roxå, T. (2017). Constructive friction? Exploring patterns between Educational Research and The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. Transforming patterns through the scholarship of teaching and learning : The 2nd European Conference for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, 161-165.
- Roxå, T., Larsson, M., Price, L. & Mårtensson, K. (2017). Constructive friction? Charting the boundary between Educational Research and The Scholarship of Teaching and Learning.
- Bergqvist Rydén, J., Mårtensson, K. & Hetherington, L. (2016). Betygskriterier : en grund för kvalitativ och rättssäker bedömning. Ett rundabordssamtal initierat av projektgruppen för betygskriterier inom HT-fakulteterna.
- Bergqvist Rydén, J., Mårtensson, K. & Santesson, S. (2016). Att formulera skriftliga betygskriterier: Bedömarkompetens och praxis på pränt.
- Bergqvist, J. & Mårtensson, K. (2015). Att formulera skriftliga betygskriterier : bedömarkompetens och att sätta praxis på pränt. LU:s femte högskolepedagogiska utvecklingskonferens, 26 november 2015. Lund University.
- Bergqvist, J., Mårtensson, K. & Santesson, S. (2015). Att införa skriftliga betygskriterier : en pedagogisk satsning vid Humanistiska och teologiska fakulteterna vid Lunds universitet.
- Mårtensson, K. & Larsson, M. (2014). From individual to collegial – the local impact of project-based teacher training programmes.
- Mårtensson, K. & Larsson, M. (2013). From individual to collegial – leaders and their role in the transition of SoTL projects.
- Olsson, T., Roxå, T., Winka, K., Ahlberg, A., Larsson, M. & Mårtensson, K. (2013). Peer-review assessment of teaching using teaching portfolios as the central document.
- Ahlberg, A., Larsson, M., Mårtensson, K., Olsson, T. & Roxå, T. (2012). Teacher observations in SoTL – what do we really mean and how are they valued?.
- Larsson, M. & Mårtensson, K. (2012). Using teaching and learning projects as a way to integrate SoTL into an institutional culture.
- Larsson, M. & Mårtensson, K. (2012). Using teaching and learning projects as a way to integrate SoTL into an institutional culture.
- Brokop, S., Mårtensson, K. & Horneij, E. (2010). Using ’critical friends’ as a strategy to enhance teaching and learning within an educational program.
- Larsson, M., Mårtensson, K. & Håkansson, S. (2010). Building bridges: Closing the gap between teaching practices, institutional development and educational theory.
- Mårtensson, K. (2010). Bedömning av pedagogisk kompetens på LTH. Proceedings 2010 : 6:e Pedagogiska inspirationskonferensen 15 december 2010. Lunds Tekniskas Högskola.
- Mårtensson, K. (2010). Bedömning av pedagogisk kompetens på LTH.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2010). Accelerating educational development through academic leadership.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2010). Leading academic teaching – a contextual approach. I Rust, C. (Red.) Improving Student Learning – For the 21st Century Learner. Oxford Brookes University.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2010). Academic Micro Cultures: where initiatives to improve student learning are interpreted and enacted.
- Mårtensson, K. & Horneij, E. (2009). Kan kritiska vänner bidra till din professionella utveckling som pedagog?. I Sonesson, A. & Amnér, G. (Red.) Proceedings Utvecklingskonferens Lunds universitet 2009 (pp. 144-145). Lednings- och kompetensutveckling/CED.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2009). Ledning av pedagogisk verksamhet. I Sonesson, A. & Amnér, G. (Red.) Proceedings Utvecklingskonferens Lunds universitet 2009 (pp. 146-147). Lednings- och kompetensutveckling/CED.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2009). Barriers to communication on teaching and learning among university teachers.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2009). Leading academic teachers – a practice in need of a scholarship.
- Ahlberg, A., Andersson, R., Larsson, M. & Mårtensson, K. (2008). Strategic use of teachers´ inquiry into teaching and learning. ICED, International Consortium for Educational Development. ICED, International Consortium for Educational Development.
- Fjellström, M., Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2008). Stöd för pedagogisk utveckling av högre utbildning - kompetensutveckling för pedagogiska utvecklare. NU2008 Proceedings : Lärande i en ny tid - samtal om undervisning i högre utbildning., 219-222. Centre for Educational Development, Lunds universitet.
- Larsson, M. & Mårtensson, K. (2008). Three steps towards scholarship of teaching and learning.
- Mårtensson, K. & Sanders, H. (2008). Pedagogisk skicklighet - vad är det?.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2008). Quality culture in research intensive institutions – university teaching improved.
- Olsson, T., Roxå, T., Andersson, R., Ahlberg, A., Alveteg, M. & Mårtensson, K. (2007). What is the Appropriate Level of the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning? – An Integrated Program for Academic Development. [Publication information missing].
- Roxå, T., Olsson, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2007). Scholarship of Teaching and Learning as a strategy for institutional change. [Publication information missing].
- Roxå, T., Olsson, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2007). Scholarship of Teaching and Learning as a Strategy for Institutional Change. [Publication information missing].
- Roxå, T., Olsson, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2007). Scholarship of Teaching and Learning as a strategy for institutional change. [Host publication title missing]. The Higher Education Research and Development Society of Australasia (HERDSA).
- Ahlberg, A. & Mårtensson, K. (2006). Teaching and learning beyond constructive alignment. ICED Conference Volume Sheffield. International Concortium of Educational Development.
- Mårtensson, K., Olsson, T. & Roxå, T. (2006). Scholarly Dialogues and Significant Networks - the Cradle of Scholarship of Teaching and Learning (SoTL). [Publication information missing].
- Mårtensson, K., Olsson, T. & Roxå, T. (2006). Scholarly Dialogues and Significant Networks for Educational Development. I Fanghanel, J. & Digby, W. (Red.) International Conference on the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning. Proceedings 2005 and 2006 (pp. 235-239). Centre for Educational and Academical Practices, City University, London.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2006). Significant Networks for Educational Development. [Host publication title missing]. Lunds Tekniska Högskola.
- Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2005). Scholarship of Teaching i ett utvecklingsperspektiv. I Järnefelt, I. (Red.) [Host publication title missing]. UCLU - Lunds universitet.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2005). Educational developers: A strategic community. Higher education in a changing world. Higher Education Research and Devlopment Society of Australasia.
- Roxå, T. & Mårtensson, K. (2005). Strategisk pedagogisk utveckling – en diskussion om ett kunskapsområde. I Järnefelt, I. (Red.) [Host publication title missing]. UCLU - Lunds universitet.
- Roxå, T., Mårtensson, K. & Cox, M. (2005). What Initiates and Enables Becoming a Scholarly Teacher and SoTL?. [Host publication title missing]. City University: London, UK.
- Sonesson, A. & Mårtensson, K. (2005). Strategi, utveckling och utvecklare - teoretiska perspektiv och erfarenheter.
- Sonesson, A., Mårtensson, K. & Roxå, T. (2005). Pedagogisk utbildning i ett utvecklingsperspektiv. I Järnefelt, I. (Red.) Utvecklingskonferensen för högre utbildning 2005. UCLU - Lunds universitet.
Rapporter (1 st)
Handledning vid Lunds universitet (1 st)
Övriga uppdrag och meriter
My work include running courses, workshops and consultancy for academics, leaders, programmes and departments within the university. The ultimate purpose is to promote and support improved teaching and good student learning. One of our underpinning strategies is to support the growth and institutional embedment of scholarship of teaching and learning (SoTL). I also engage in editorial work, and national and international networking and collaboration.
My main research interests focus on how social collegial contexts (what I and my colleague Torgny Roxå have labelled academic microcultures) and leadership influence academics' professional learning. In other words: Learning in the academic workplace, and what role colleagues and leaders might have in that learning. From that point of view I am interested in organizational learning, leadership and strategic educational/academic development. Besides my PhD-thesis I have published extensively on these aspects.
I have been part of the editorial team of the Swedish online journal Högre Utbildning and I was between 2013-2016 a co-editor of IJAD, The International Journal for Academic Development (Taylor & Francis). I have been regional vice-president Europe in ISSOTL, the International Society for Scholarship of Teaching and Learning, and between 2016-2019 I was part of the presidential team in that organisation. I was chair of the 2nd Euro-SoTL-conference in Lund in June 2017.
My academic background is in speech & language therapy/pathology with teaching experiences from Problem-Based Learning, PBL and clinical tutoring, as well as from curricular development and evaluation.

Universitetslektor
- Högskolepedagogisk utveckling, AHU
- Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap
Studierektor
- Utbildningsvetenskap
- Institutionen för utbildningsvetenskap
Kontaktinformation
E-post katarina.martenssonahu.luse
Telefon 046–222 43 41
Besöksadress
Sölvegatan 16, MNO-huset, Lund
Postadress
Box 117, 221 00 Lund
Internpost hämtställe 11